Since the UK left the European Union, driving on the continent has become a little more complex for British motorists. While the roads, scenery, and general driving experience in France and Spain remain familiar, the legal framework surrounding UK drivers has changed in subtle but important ways. Many of the old assumptions no longer apply, and what once felt like a straightforward extension of domestic driving now requires more careful preparation. Understanding these requirements in advance can help drivers avoid fines, delays, and unnecessary stress during what should be an enjoyable journey.
One of the most visible changes relates to vehicle identification. UK-registered vehicles must now clearly display the “UK” country code when driving in EU countries. The older “GB” identifier is no longer accepted. This applies whether the identifier is built into the number plate alongside the Union Flag or displayed as a separate sticker on the rear of the vehicle. France and Spain both enforce this rule, particularly on main routes used by international travellers and near border areas. Drivers who overlook this detail can be stopped by police and issued with on-the-spot fines, even if all other paperwork is in order.
Closely linked to this is the increasing reliance on automated enforcement systems. Both France and Spain make extensive use of automatic number plate recognition for toll roads, traffic enforcement, and environmental zones. These systems are unforgiving of inconsistencies. If your vehicle’s displayed details do not match what is expected by local authorities or pre-registration systems, you may be flagged automatically. In some cases, fines are issued without any interaction with a police officer, arriving weeks later by post. This makes it especially important that your vehicle details are accurate and compliant before you leave the UK.
Driving documentation has also taken on greater importance since Brexit. UK photocard driving licences remain valid for short stays in France and Spain, typically for tourist visits. However, drivers must ensure their licence is current and legible. Older paper-only licences can sometimes cause confusion during roadside checks, particularly with local officers unfamiliar with their format. While an international driving permit is not generally required for standard tourist driving, some drivers choose to carry one for additional reassurance, especially if travelling for extended periods or hiring vehicles locally.
Insurance requirements are another area where assumptions can cause problems. UK motor insurance policies often include European cover, but the level of cover may differ from what drivers are used to at home. It is essential to check that your policy includes third-party cover in all countries you plan to visit and that you understand any limitations. Carrying proof of insurance, whether printed or digital, is strongly advised. Although the Green Card system is no longer routinely required for EU travel, having clear evidence of insurance can simplify roadside checks and reduce delays.
Border and immigration rules now affect driving trips in ways they did not before. UK citizens are subject to Schengen entry rules, which limit stays to 90 days within any rolling 180-day period. Passports must meet specific validity requirements, including being issued within the last ten years and having at least three months’ validity remaining beyond the planned date of departure from the Schengen area. While these rules are not driving-specific, failure to meet them can result in refusal of entry, instantly derailing any road trip plans regardless of how well-prepared your vehicle may be.
Environmental regulations represent one of the most significant changes facing UK drivers in France and Spain. Both countries have expanded low-emission zones in recent years, particularly around major cities. Access to these zones often requires advance registration and the display of a digital or physical emissions certificate. These schemes are enforced using cameras that read number plates automatically. UK drivers unfamiliar with the process are frequently caught out, either by failing to register in advance or by providing incorrect vehicle details. The resulting fines can be substantial and are often issued without warning.
Vehicle equipment rules remain broadly similar to those in place before Brexit, but enforcement standards can vary by region and circumstance. In France and Spain, drivers are expected to carry high-visibility vests and warning triangles, with the vest ideally stored inside the cabin so it can be worn before exiting the vehicle in an emergency. While spare bulb kits and breathalysers are no longer routinely enforced in the way they once were, police retain the authority to check basic safety compliance during roadside stops. Ensuring your vehicle is in good condition, with all lights functioning and tyres roadworthy, is still essential.
Modern vehicles have reduced the need for some traditional accessories, but technology has also introduced new considerations. Many cars now feature advanced driver assistance systems and adaptive lighting, which can behave differently in foreign driving environments. Drivers should familiarise themselves with how these systems operate abroad, particularly when it comes to speed limit recognition and lane assistance on unfamiliar road layouts. Overreliance on technology without understanding its limitations can lead to inadvertent infringements.
Given the cumulative impact of these changes, preparation has become more important than ever. What might seem like a minor oversight at home can have greater consequences abroad, where rules are enforced differently and language barriers can complicate matters. Many UK drivers choose to update their number plates through suppliers such as Regplates and review all documentation well in advance of travel. Taking a systematic approach to preparation helps ensure that nothing is overlooked.
To conclude, post-Brexit driving in France and Spain is still perfectly achievable and enjoyable for UK motorists. The core experience of exploring European roads has not disappeared, but it now comes with additional responsibilities. By understanding the legal requirements, respecting local regulations, and preparing thoroughly before departure, drivers can avoid unnecessary complications and focus on the pleasures of the journey itself.
